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Piper Alpha
Piper Alpha was a North Sea oil production platform operated by Occidental Petroleum (Caledonia) Ltd.〔''OPCAL’s share 36.5%, Texaco’s share 23.5%, Union Texas Petroleum’s share 20%, and Thomson’s share 20%.'' CAPLAN, section 1.2〕 The platform began production in 1976,〔''by the end of 1976 and Claymore by the end of 1977'', CAPLAN 1.2〕 first as an oil platform and then later converted to gas production. An explosion and the resulting oil and gas fires destroyed it on 6 July 1988, killing 167 men,〔http://flickr.com/photos/84214100@N00/2643251484/〕 with only 61 survivors. The death toll included two crewmen of a rescue vessel. The total insured loss was about £1.7 billion (US$3.4 billion). At the time of the disaster, the platform accounted for approximately ten percent of North Sea oil and gas production, and the accident was the worst offshore oil disaster in terms of lives lost and industry impact.
The Kirk of St Nicholas in Union Street, Aberdeen has dedicated a chapel in memory of those who perished and there is a memorial sculpture in the Rose Garden of Hazlehead Park in Aberdeen. Thirty bodies were never recovered.
==Piper oil field==
(詳細はPiper oilfield located at in early 1973 and commenced fabrication of the platform, pipelines and onshore support structures. Oil production started in 1976 with about of oil per day increasing to . A gas recovery module was installed by 1980. Production declined to by 1988. OPCAL built the Flotta oil terminal in the Orkney Islands to receive and process oil from the fields Piper, Claymore and Tartan, each with its own platform. One diameter main oil pipeline ran from ''Piper Alpha'' to Flotta, with a short oil pipeline from the Claymore platform joining it some to the west. The Tartan field also fed oil to Claymore and then onto the main line to Flotta.〔(pipeline dimensions )〕 Separate diameter gas pipelines run from Tartan platform to the Piper, and from Piper to the gas compressing platform MCP-01 some to the northwest.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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